Pre-Assessment​ (1/7)

Page 2
This is assignment 1 of 7.

Pre-Quiz

Child Development Theorists and Learning Theories *  Pre-Assessment * Page 2 (1/7)

Page 1

Pre-quizzes are a non-graded assessment tool used to determine pre-existing subject knowledge.



Question 1 * 10 Points * Multiple Choice

Correct!
Not Correct
 

   The answer is C

  1. Trust vs. Mistrust
  2. Autonomy vs. Shame or Doubt
  3. Initiative vs. Guilt
  4. Industry vs. Inferiority
The theory of psychosocial development was propounded by a man named Erik Erikson. Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development states that our personality develops in stages throughout life depending on our experiences. A person’s personality or psychology, develops as a result of social and external experiences. This theory looks at the entire course of a lifetime, whereas a lot of other theories might only look at early development.

  

You have provided an incorrect answer
Not Correct
The correct response is:

C

  1. Trust vs. Mistrust
  2. Autonomy vs. Shame or Doubt
  3. Initiative vs. Guilt
  4. Industry vs. Inferiority
The theory of psychosocial development was propounded by a man named Erik Erikson. Erickson’s theory of psychosocial development states that our personality develops in stages throughout life depending on our experiences. A person’s personality or psychology, develops as a result of social and external experiences. This theory looks at the entire course of a lifetime, whereas a lot of other theories might only look at early development.

Page 2

Question 2 * 10 Points * Multiple Choice

Correct!
Not Correct
 

   The answer is B. Trust vs. Mistrust


(0-2 years)

The first stage in the theory of psychosocial development occurs within the first year of life, from zero to one year of age. During this stage, the child is very young and dependent on their caregivers. They need to receive reliable and sufficient care. They need to be fed enough regularly, they need to be held, and they need to feel secure. Lack of this security leads to mistrust, and this can have a later impact on people's lives. People that developed more of that mistrust in the conflict, might later have feelings of insecurity or suspicion. 

  

You have provided an incorrect answer
Not Correct
The correct response is:

B. Trust vs. Mistrust

 

(0-2 years)

The first stage in the theory of psychosocial development occurs within the first year of life, from zero to one year of age. During this stage, the child is very young and dependent on their caregivers. They need to receive reliable and sufficient care. They need to be fed enough regularly, they need to be held, and they need to feel secure. Lack of this security leads to mistrust, and this can have a later impact on people's lives. People that developed more of that mistrust in the conflict, might later have feelings of insecurity or suspicion. 


Page 3

Question 3 * 10 Points * Multiple Choice

Correct!
Not Correct
 

   The answer is D. Autonomy vs. Shame or Doubt


The second stage, from one year of age to three years, is autonomy vs. shame or doubt. This is when a child is developing a sense of personal control, either over their body or their environment. During this time, activities like toilet training are really important, because it's when children are starting to understand the feeling of independence that they're developing.

You have provided an incorrect answer
Not Correct
The correct response is:

D. Autonomy vs. Shame or Doubt


Autonomy vs. Shame or Doubt

The second stage, from one year of age to three years, is autonomy vs. shame or doubt. This is when a child is developing a sense of personal control, either over their body or their environment. During this time, activities like toilet training are really important, because it's when children are starting to understand the feeling of independence that they're developing.

Page 4

Question 4 * 10 Points * Multiple Choice

Correct!
Not Correct
 

   The answer is B. Jean Piaget


Piaget (1936) was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive development. His contributions include a stage theory of child cognitive development, detailed observational studies of cognition in children, and a series of simple but ingenious tests to reveal different cognitive abilities.

  

You have provided an incorrect answer
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The correct response is:

B. Jean Piaget


Piaget (1936) was the first psychologist to make a systematic study of cognitive development. His contributions include a stage theory of child cognitive development, detailed observational studies of cognition in children, and a series of simple but ingenious tests to reveal different cognitive abilities.

Page 5


Question 5 * 10 Points * Multiple Choice

Correct!
Not Correct
 

   The answer is D. Sensorimotor


The sensorimotor stage is the first of the four stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development (1954, 1964). It extends from birth to approximately 2 years, and is a period of rapid cognitive growth. During this period, infants develop an understanding of the world through trial and error using their senses and actions (i.e., motor movements). Through the processes of assimilation and accommodation actions become progressively adapted to the world.

You have provided an incorrect answer
Not Correct
The correct response is:

D. Sensorimotor


The sensorimotor stage is the first of the four stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development (1954, 1964). It extends from birth to approximately 2 years, and is a period of rapid cognitive growth. During this period, infants develop an understanding of the world through trial and error using their senses and actions (i.e., motor movements). Through the processes of assimilation and accommodation actions become progressively adapted to the world.

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Question 6 * 10 Points * Multiple Choice

Correct!
Not Correct
 

   The answer is A. Stage 2: Preoperational (2-7 years)


During this stage (toddler through age 7), young children are able to think about things symbolically. Their language use becomes more mature. They also develop memory and imagination, which allows them to understand the difference between past and future, and engage in make-believe. But their thinking is based on intuition and still not completely logical. They cannot yet grasp more complex concepts such as cause and effect, time, and comparison.

You have provided an incorrect answer
Not Correct
The correct response is:

A. Stage 2: Preoperational (2-7 years)


During this stage (toddler through age 7), young children are able to think about things symbolically. Their language use becomes more mature. They also develop memory and imagination, which allows them to understand the difference between past and future, and engage in make-believe. But their thinking is based on intuition and still not completely logical. They cannot yet grasp more complex concepts such as cause and effect, time, and comparison.

Page 7


Question 7 * 10 Points * Multiple Choice

Correct!
Not Correct
 

   The answer is C. Maria Montessori


Dr. Maria Montessori (1870-1952) was an Italian physician and anthropologist who devoted her life to understanding how children develop socially, intellectually, physically, and spiritually. By carefully observing children all over the world, she discovered universal patterns of development which are found in all children regardless of their culture or the era in which they live.

 

Montessori is a method of education that is based on self-directed activity, hands-on learning and collaborative play. In Montessori classrooms children make creative choices in their learning, while the classroom and the teacher offer age-appropriate activities to guide the process. Children work in groups and individually to discover and explore knowledge of the world and to develop their maximum potential.

  

You have provided an incorrect answer
Not Correct
The correct response is:

C. Maria Montessori


Dr. Maria Montessori (1870-1952) was an Italian physician and anthropologist who devoted her life to understanding how children develop socially, intellectually, physically, and spiritually. By carefully observing children all over the world, she discovered universal patterns of development which are found in all children regardless of their culture or the era in which they live.

 

Montessori is a method of education that is based on self-directed activity, hands-on learning and collaborative play. In Montessori classrooms children make creative choices in their learning, while the classroom and the teacher offer age-appropriate activities to guide the process. Children work in groups and individually to discover and explore knowledge of the world and to develop their maximum potential.

Page 8


Question 8 * 10 Points * Multiple Choice

Correct!
Not Correct
 

   The answer is C. Reggio Emilia


The Reggio Emilia approach is an educational philosophy focused on preschool and primary education. It is a pedagogy described as student-centered that utilizes self-directed, experiential learning in relationship-driven environments. The program is based on the principles of respect, responsibility, and community through exploration and discovery through a self-guided curriculum.

  

You have provided an incorrect answer
Not Correct
The correct response is:

C. Reggio Emilia


The Reggio Emilia approach is an educational philosophy focused on preschool and primary education. It is a pedagogy described as student-centered that utilizes self-directed, experiential learning in relationship-driven environments. The program is based on the principles of respect, responsibility, and community through exploration and discovery through a self-guided curriculum.

Page 9


Question 9 * 10 Points * Multiple Choice

Correct!
Not Correct
 

   The answer is C. Reggio Emilia Approach


Founded by the visionary teacher and humanitarian, Loris Malaguzzi, the Reggio Emilia approach refers to the philosophy of early childhood education that originated in Reggio Emilia, Italy following the destruction of World War II. This unique approach to education begins with a particular and strong image of children, of adults, of education, and of life, and flows from a set of guiding principles. Reggio Emilia, is a town still thriving today, more than 50 years since the first gestures of rebuilding and advancing were made.

  

You have provided an incorrect answer
Not Correct
The correct response is:

C. Reggio Emilia Approach


Founded by the visionary teacher and humanitarian, Loris Malaguzzi, the Reggio Emilia approach refers to the philosophy of early childhood education that originated in Reggio Emilia, Italy following the destruction of World War II. This unique approach to education begins with a particular and strong image of children, of adults, of education, and of life, and flows from a set of guiding principles. Reggio Emilia, is a town still thriving today, more than 50 years since the first gestures of rebuilding and advancing were made.

Page 10


Question 10 * 10 Points * Multiple Choice

Correct!
Not Correct
 

   The answer is A. Scaffolding


Scaffolding is a process through which a teacher adds supports for students in order to enhance learning and aid in the mastery of tasks. The teacher does this by systematically building on students’ experiences and knowledge as they are learning new skills. These supports are temporary and adjustable. As students master the assigned tasks, the supports are gradually removed.

  

You have provided an incorrect answer
Not Correct
The correct response is:

A. Scaffolding


Scaffolding is a process through which a teacher adds supports for students in order to enhance learning and aid in the mastery of tasks. The teacher does this by systematically building on students’ experiences and knowledge as they are learning new skills. Just like the scaffold in the picture to the left, these supports are temporary and adjustable. As students master the assigned tasks, the supports are gradually removed.

Page 11

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