Theorists: Erikson (1902-1994) 

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​In the field of early childhood education and care, a theory is a group of ideas that explain a certain topic within the domain of children’s learning and development. Typically, a theory is developed through the use of thoughtful and rational forms of abstract and generalized thinking. In addition, a theory is often based on general principles that are independent of what is being explained. So, someone who considers given facts and comes up with a possible explanation for those facts is called a theorist. Some say that theorists come up with abstract ideas and beliefs and then spend their lives trying to prove them, because ideas can always be disputed until proven absolutely. What theories provide are ‘ways of knowing’ that influence thinking and impact on practice in particular ways.    

All of the theorists that we will discuss in this course have valid views that can be useful to consider. Many early childhood professionals believe in taking an eclectic approach to child development theory. By understanding each theoretical approach, you can use parts of the theory if the context, the child, and the situation seem appropriate and if it is a useful way to further your understanding. 

​Erik Erickson’s theory of social-emotional development is based on how people learn to interact with others based on their personal experiences. Erikson focused his attention on the young child and the way relationships with other people influence each child’s personality and behavior. 
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Erikson’s theory of the young child’s social and emotional development offers early care and education teachers information on proper ways to nurture and guide young children. As an early childhood educator you may work with children during the first four (4) social - emotional stages as defined by Erikson.

Video: Erik Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development in Infancy and Early Childhood
Source: Davidson Films, Inc​
Length: 4:00
To view this video on YouTube click here 

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Optional Resources for Further Study

• Child development theorists by Children's Services of Australia
• Erik Erikson by Saul McLeod​
• Trust vs. mistrust Attachment - Texas Child Care Quarterly

Course Navigation Menu

1. Course Agenda
​​2. Pre-Assessment​ (1/7)
3. Erikson (1902-1994)
4. Stages of Social-Emotional
5. Erikson (2/7)
6. Jean Piaget (1896 -1980)
7. Cognitive Development Stages
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8. Piaget's Stages of Development
9. Jean Piaget (3/7)
10. Maria Montessori (1870-1952)
11. Montessori Classroom 
12. Maria Montessori (4/7)
13. Reggio Emilia Approach
14. Reggio Emilia Early Childhood 
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15. Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934)
16. Kohlberg’s Stages 
17. Reflect - Theorists (5/7)
18. DAP
19. DAP  (6/7)
20. End of Course Assessment (7/7)
21. End of Course Evaluation
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